In Canada, duelling continued into the late 1800s. Footnote 46 In France, Le Cid told the story of a man insulted by a slap across the face, who asked his son to defend his honour in a duel. Footnote 45 Indeed, honour and honour-based violence are reflected in historical events in many countries, and in many works of literature.įor instance, duelling was a key practice through which claims of masculine honour were made, maintained and understood in Western societies. The notions of honour and shame and their use as justification for violence and killing is not unique to any one culture or religion. In the perpetrators' faulty vision, "It is better to eliminate the suspect before the matter blows out of proportion and the talk spreads to the community," even where the suspicion is groundless. This can be explained on the basis of the feudal and cultural mind-sets. The regime of honor is unforgiving: women on whom suspicion has fallen are not given an opportunity to defend themselves, and family members have no socially acceptable alternative but to remove the stain on their honor by attacking the woman.
FOR HONOR RULE 34 CODE
The mere perception that a woman has contravened the code of sexual behavior damages honor. It is not necessary that the victim actually transgress any behavioural norms, as an Amnesty International statement notes: Historically, in some Arab countries under Ottoman rule, a killer would "sprinkle his victim's blood on his clothes and parade through the streets displaying the bloody murder weapon… to increase his honour," thereby attracting community respect rather than condemnation for taking a life. What's behind it is the issue of fertility, or reproductive power.
The honor killing is not a means to control sexual power or behavior. Women for the tribe were considered a factory for making men. What the men of the family, clan, or tribe seek control of in a patrilineal society is reproductive power. Sharif Kanaana, professor of anthropology at Birzeit University states that honour killing is "a complicated issue that cuts deep into the history of Arab society." He further observes: Footnote 40 Today the practice is most commonly associated with regions in North Africa and the Middle East. Footnote 39 Honour-based crimes were known in medieval Europe where early Jewish law mandated death by stoning for an adulterous wife and her partner. Honour killings have been known since ancient Roman times, when the pater familias, or senior male within a household, retained the right to kill an unmarried but sexually active daughter or an adulterous wife. Historical Context - Origins of Honour Killing Preliminary Examination of so-called "Honour Killings" in CanadaĤ.
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